Monday, 5 September 2016

Installation, Configuration Phase-1


In continuous of previous article where I installed HYPER-V from power shell command, the current host will be there in Hyper-V manager console and you can see lots of tab and action task is listed. We will go through one by one tab with there properties.

There are more on the HYPER-V concept which as admins we should know and update our self. The hypervisor running directly on the hardware with all the virtual machine resource access serviced through the hypervisor. There are other resources that must be available for a full functioning environment, such as storage and networking.
Different Application and devices have their supporting drivers for Windows, with most written by the independent hardware vendor (IHV). All these different types of storage and network drivers and application should be compatible with Hyper-V environment and Operating system.
There are terms and components run in kernel,as example VMUS which help to enable communication between different types of hardware and services, that enable for non-cpu and memory hardware like storage and networking. Every Virtual Service Provide and support in responding to its virtual client.
The VMBus is not shared between all the child partitions, and there is one channel between each child and the parent so no communication or data can be seen by other child partitions running on the same server. This VMBus does not incur any significant performance penalty even though child partitions wanting to access hardware now essentially communicate via the VSC to a VSP on the VMBus hosted on the parent partition, which communicates to the hardware. This is because the VMBus is actually a pure memory bus running at a kernel level, so there is practically no latency introduced, and by using this model, Microsoft keeps the hypervisor small and secure while still allowing full hardware support for the breadth of the Microsoft hardware ecosystem.

SCSI Controller :Generation 1 virtual machine does not have a SCSI controller, but up to four SCSI controllers can be added to a virtual machine. Once a virtual machine has four SCSI controllers,then option to for SCSI controllers will be grayed out.
In-memory VMBus, SCSI controller is the device which gives essentially the highest, bare-metal storage performance. The term bare-metal indicate for a system or environment that does not use virtualization. oar a non-virtualized environment, Each SCSI controller supports up to 64 hard drives attached, maximum of 256 disks attached via the SCSI bus.
The SCSI controller functionality is more enhanced in Windows Server 2012 R2 like Shared VHDX between multiple virtual machines and Dynamic re-sizing of VHDX.

This Pic will clear the difference between Generation 1VM and Generation 2VM versions.
The following Server operating systems can be installed in a generation 2 virtual machine:
>Windows Server 2012
>Windows Server 2012 R2

Conversion of Virtual Machine from Generation from 1 to Generation 2 is bit difficult due to different constraints because generation 1 virtual machine is BIOS based, which equates to a certain disk configuration such as an NTFS system partition. A generation 2 virtual machine is UEFI based and uses a FAT32 system partition. This alone prohibits moving virtual hard disks between generation 1 and generation 2 virtual machines. Also remember that generation 1 machines boot from the IDE controller and generation 2 machines boot from the SCSI controller. The only way to move from generation 1 to generation 2 is to boot the virtual machine from Windows PE, capture the partitions to a WIM fi le, then redeploy to a generation 2 virtual machine,but this amount of effort is really not worth the benefit t, and generation 2 is best saved for new virtual machines.
Windows Server 2012 R2 Hyper-V has another processor-related setting that is set on a per-virtual-machine basis. This setting is migrate to a physical computer with a different processor version. It is not possible to migrate a virtual machine between Intel and AMD processors using migration technologies due to the completely different architecture and instruction sets of the processor.

To resolve this problem, Hyper-V adds the ability to hide many higher-level functions of processors in the guest operating systems. This means you can move guest operating systems between nodes in a cluster even if the processor versions are different because the virtual operating systems are exposed only to the generic instructions that are present in all versions of the processor family. Note that the functionality does not scan the processors and expose the lowest common set of functionality of all the processors in the cluster; it just limits to a generic basic set.
This can also be set using Power Shell with the following
command:
Set-VMProcessor -CompatibilityForMigrationEnabled $true
Prior to Windows Server 2012 Hyper-V, there was also a setting to enable running older operating systems such as NT 4, but this option has been removed from the Hyper-V manager graphical user interface. The problem for older operating systems is that modern processors return more information about the capabilities than can be handled by the operating system and it will blue screen (this was fi xed in Windows NT 4.0 SP6). This option can still be set, but it must be configured using Power Shell:

Set-VMProcessor -CompatibilityForOlderOperatingSystemsEnabled $true

A great way to understand these two settings is with the help of  the Core info utility from SysInternals, which can list all features for a processor. You will find it at the following location:

Windows Server 2012 introduced a new set of configurations for virtual machine processors,NUMA, but the reality is you should never touch these. Most likely bad things will happen and Hyper-V will make the right configurations for your environment without any manual intervention. This NUMA awareness is also a benefit t for enterprise applications such as SQL, MySQL, and IIS that utilize resources based on NUMA configuration.

A VHD can be up to 2 TB in size, and there are a number of different types of VHDs available:
1.Dynamically expanding: This is the most popular format. Essentially the virtual hard disk is created using a minimal amount of disk space, and as the disk is used, the fi e expands on the fi le system to accommodate the data written to the disk up to the size specified as the size for the virtual hard disk. This option is the most efficient use of the disk space because space is not used on the physical hard drives unless needed. In Windows Server 2008, there was a performance penalty with dynamic disks, such as when a write was performed, the file had to grow. However, the VHD implementation was rewritten in Windows Server 2008 R2, and this performance penalty is negligible. A dynamically expanding disk doesn't shrink if data is deleted unless a compact operation is performed. this type of disk is also commonly refereed to as thinly provisioned because it start off thin and grows as data is written to it.
2. Fixed Size: the size specified for the virtual disk is also to user when the disk is created and so if a 127 GB fixed size virtual disk is created, a 127 GB vhd is created on the hyper-v sever. this is likely to lead to less fragmented virtual hard disk
3. Differencing: a differences disk is linked to a parent virtual disk and only store the changes from the parent disk.
Will create one vm with no os version just to see the tabs, option under properties.
started creating vm on this hypervisor by right click and create new vm
 
her you can specify name and location of the vm, where you wan to save files of newly created vm.
  This screen well explain about difference in generation-1 and generation-2 type of vm. There is a solution also to change the Generation from 1 to 2.

memory allotment can be done from here
 
This wizard help you for disk related task like you can create new or add existing disk to vm from this option.
 
This option help you to install OS on the vm. you can see in the below of screen shot, it give warning of network adapter because I didnt configured my Hyper-V network stuffs yet :) as this option would need network connection.
  here it will show all vm that are with this hypervisor host or vms managed by this hypervisor host.
  HYPER-V

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